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<title>NOG mouse</title>

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<span id="openzim-page-title" class="mw-page-title-main"><span class="mw-page-title-main">NOG mouse</span></span>

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<div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><p>A <b>NOG (NOD/Shi-<i>scid</i>/IL-2Rγ<sup>null</sup>) mouse</b> is a new generation of severely <a href="Immunodeficient" class="mw-redirect" title="Immunodeficient">immunodeficient</a> mouse, developed by <a href="Central_Institute_for_Experimental_Animals" title="Central Institute for Experimental Animals">Central Institute for Experimental Animals</a> (CIEA) in 2000. The NOG mouse accepts heterologous cells much more easily compared with any other type of immunodeficient rodent models, such as <a href="Nude_mouse" title="Nude mouse">nude mouse</a> and NOD/<i>scid</i> mouse. Thus, the mouse can be the best model as a highly efficient recipient of human cells to engraft, proliferate and differentiate.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid_12384415_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid_12384415-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This unique feature offers a great opportunity for enhancing therapy researches of <a href="Cancer" title="Cancer">cancer</a>, <a href="Leukemia" title="Leukemia">leukemia</a>, visceral diseases, <a href="AIDS" class="mw-redirect" title="AIDS">AIDS</a>, and other human diseases. It also provides applications for cancer, <a href="Infection" title="Infection">infection</a>, <a href="Regeneration_(biology)" title="Regeneration (biology)">regeneration</a>, and <a href="Hematology" title="Hematology">hematology</a> researches.

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Origin">Origin</h2></div>

<p>The NOG mouse was generated in CIEA in 2000 by back-cross mating of C57BL/6J-IL-2Rγ<sup>null</sup> mouse that was originally developed by Kazuo Sugamura, a professor of Tohoku University, to NOD/Shi-<i>scid</i> mouse that was developed in CIEA.

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Characteristics">Characteristics</h2></div>

<ul><li>No activity of <a href="T_cell" title="T cell">T cell</a>, <a href="B_cell" title="B cell">B cell</a> and <a href="NK_cell" class="mw-redirect" title="NK cell">NK cell</a></li>

<li>Reduced <a href="Complement_system" title="Complement system">complement system</a> activity</li>

<li>Dysfunction of <a href="Macrophage" title="Macrophage">macrophage</a></li>

<li>Dysfunction of <a href="Dendritic_cell" title="Dendritic cell">dendritic cell</a></li>

<li>No leakiness: no incidence of T, B cells with aging</li>

<li>No incidence of <a href="Lymphoma" title="Lymphoma">lymphoma</a></li></ul>

<p>NOG mouse has multiple immunodeficiencies that are principally derived from three strains of mice: 1) NOD/Shi inbred strain, 2) SCID, 3) IL-2Rγ<sup>null</sup>. These include:

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<ul><li>Reduced innate immunity derived from a NOD inbred strain, which involves a macrophage dysfunction, and a defect of complement hemolytic activity and reduced NK activity.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The NOD/Shi inbred strain was first discovered by Makino et al. as autoimmune non-obese-type diabetes mice.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>

<li>Lack of functional T and B cells that is derived from a mutation of protein kinase (Prkdc: protein kinase, DNA activated, catalytic polypeptide), which is the causative gene of the scid mutation <sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>

<li>Lack of NK cells, dendritic cell dysfunctions, and other unknown deficiencies due to inactivation of the IL-2Rγ gene.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Applications_to_medical_researches">Applications to medical researches</h2></div>

<ul><li><a href="Cancer" title="Cancer">Cancer</a></li>

<li><a href="Infectious_Diseases" class="mw-redirect" title="Infectious Diseases">Infectious Diseases</a></li>

<li><a href="Regenerative_Medicine" class="mw-redirect" title="Regenerative Medicine">Regenerative Medicine</a></li>

<li><a href="Hematology" title="Hematology">Hematology</a></li>

<li><a href="Humanized_mouse" title="Humanized mouse">Humanized mouse</a></li></ul>

<ul><li><a href="Nude_mouse" title="Nude mouse">Nude mouse</a></li>

<li><a href="SCID_mouse" class="mw-redirect" title="SCID mouse">SCID mouse</a></li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div>

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<li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFKikutaniMakino1992" class="citation book cs1">Kikutani, H.; Makino, S. (1992). "The Murine Autoimmune Diabetes Model: NOD and Related Strains". <i>Advances in Immunology Volume 51</i>. Advances in Immunology. Vol. 51. pp. <span class="nowrap">285–</span>322. <a href="Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2FS0065-2776%2808%2960490-3">10.1016/S0065-2776(08)60490-3</a>. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>9780120224517</bdi>. <a href="PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1323922">1323922</a>.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFMakinoKunimotoMuraokaMizushima1980" class="citation journal cs1">Makino, S.; Kunimoto, K.; Muraoka, Y.; Mizushima, Y.; Katagiri, K.; Tochino, Y. (1980). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1538%2Fexpanim1978.29.1_1">"Breeding of a non-obese, diabetic strain of mice"</a>. <i>Jikken Dobutsu</i>. <b>29</b> (1): <span class="nowrap">1–</span>13. <a href="Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1538%2Fexpanim1978.29.1_1">10.1538/expanim1978.29.1_1</a></span>. <a href="PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6995140">6995140</a>.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFBosmaCusterBosma1983" class="citation journal cs1">Bosma, G. C.; Custer, R. P.; Bosma, M. J. (1983). "A severe combined immunodeficiency mutation in the mouse". <i>Nature</i>. <b>301</b> (5900): <span class="nowrap">527–</span>530. <a href="Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1983Natur.301..527B">1983Natur.301..527B</a>. <a href="Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1038%2F301527a0">10.1038/301527a0</a>. <a href="PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6823332">6823332</a>. <a href="S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:4267981">4267981</a>.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFKirchgessnerPatilEvansCuomo1995" class="citation journal cs1">Kirchgessner, C. U.; Patil, C. K.; Evans, J. W.; Cuomo, C. A.; Fried, L. M.; Carter, T.; Oettinger, M. A.; Brown, J. M. (1995). "DNA-dependent kinase (p350) as a candidate gene for the murine SCID defect". <i>Science</i>. <b>267</b> (5201): <span class="nowrap">1178–</span>1183. <a href="Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1995Sci...267.1178K">1995Sci...267.1178K</a>. <a href="Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1126%2Fscience.7855601">10.1126/science.7855601</a>. <a href="PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7855601">7855601</a>. <a href="S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:29017462">29017462</a>.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFIkebeMiyakawaTakahashiOhbo1997" class="citation journal cs1">Ikebe, M.; Miyakawa, K.; Takahashi, K.; Ohbo, K.; Nakamura, M.; Sugamura, K.; Suda, T.; Yamamura, K.; Tomita, K.; et al. (1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2694530">"Lymphohaematopoietic abnormalities and systemic lymphoproliferative disorder in interleukin-2 receptor gamma chain-deficient mice"</a>. <i>Int J Exp Pathol</i>. <b>78</b> (3): <span class="nowrap">133–</span>148. <a href="Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1046%2Fj.1365-2613.1997.230356.x">10.1046/j.1365-2613.1997.230356.x</a>. <a href="PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2694530">2694530</a></span>. <a href="PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9306921">9306921</a>.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFOhboSudaHashiyamaMantani1996" class="citation journal cs1">Ohbo, K.; Suda, T.; Hashiyama, M.; Mantani, A.; Ikebe, M.; Miyakawa, K.; Moriyama, M.; Nakamura, M.; Katsuki, M.; et al. (1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1182%2Fblood.V87.3.956.bloodjournal873956">"Modulation of hematopoiesis in mice with a truncated mutant of the interleukin-2 receptor gamma chain"</a>. <i>Blood</i>. <b>87</b> (3): <span class="nowrap">956–</span>967. <a href="Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1182%2Fblood.V87.3.956.bloodjournal873956">10.1182/blood.V87.3.956.bloodjournal873956</a></span>. <a href="PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8562967">8562967</a>.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFSugamuraAsaoKondoTanaka1996" class="citation journal cs1">Sugamura, K.; Asao, H.; Kondo, M.; Tanaka, N.; Ishii, N.; Ohbo, K.; Nakamura, M.; Takeshita, T. (1996). "The interleukin-2 receptor gamma chain: its role in the multiple cytokine receptor complexes and T cell development in XSCID". <i>Annu Rev Immunol</i>. <b>14</b>: <span class="nowrap">179–</span>205. <a href="Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1146%2Fannurev.immunol.14.1.179">10.1146/annurev.immunol.14.1.179</a>. <a href="PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8717512">8717512</a>.</cite></span>

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2></div>

<ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ciea.or.jp/English/NOGmouse/NOGmouse1.htm">NOG mouse</a></li>

<li><b>Base NOG Mouse</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.taconic.com/nog">http://www.taconic.com/nog</a></li>

<li><b>TK-NOG http-</b>//www.taconic.com/12907</li>

<li><b>hGM-CSF/hIL3-NOG</b> - <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.taconic.com/13395">http://www.taconic.com/13395</a></li>

<li><b>B2m-NOG -</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.taconic.com/13439">http://www.taconic.com/13439</a></li>

<li><b>CIEA Site</b> - <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.ciea.or.jp/en/nog_mouse.html">https://www.ciea.or.jp/en/nog_mouse.html</a></li></ul></div><div><div class="zim-footer">

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